3

Volts

A battery is a device that stores chemical energy and converts it to electrical energy. The chemical reactions in a battery involve the flow of electrons from one material (electrode) to another, through an external circuit. The flow of electrons provides an electric current that can be used to do work.

THE BATTERY

1.8 - 3.3

Volts

A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor device that emits light when an electric current flows through it. LEDs have positive (+) and negative (-) sides to them. For an LED to work it needs to be connected to a voltage source with the correct side.

THE LED

An LED circuit requires three basic elements. The light, the wires that create a loop, and a battery. 

A switch can also be added to allow you to open and close the circuit, turning on and off the light. 

+

-

a switch is an electrical drawbridge when the bridge is up the electrons can't go anywhere

the Light Emitting Diode [LED] will provide our light

the battery holds the electrons

LED CIRCUIT BASICS

A switch is an electrical component that can disconnect or connect the conducting path in an electrical circuit. Interrupting the electric current turns the LED off, connecting the current turns it on. 

THE SWITCH

Securing the wires to the switch

Attach the metal ends of wires through holes of switch prongs

Secure each side with tape - make sure the wires aren't touching each other!

LEDs

switch

wires

batteries

LED

switch

battery

BUILDING A SIMPLE CIRCUIT

WHAT WE ARE MAKING

WHY WE ARE MAKING IT

a electrical circuit that powers a DC motor

a motor can activate our projects with movement

MATERIAL OPTIONS

The Motors

The Batteries

The Wires

The Switches

Vibration Motor

(3v)

High Torque

Geared Motor

(3v-9v)

High Speed

Geared Motor

(3v-9v)

Coin Cell

(3v)

9v Battery

(9v)

AA Battery Holder

(3v)

Male-Male Jumper Wires

22 Gauge Wires

Rocker Switch

Momentary Switch

Toggle Switch

To Create a Motor Circuit

Power Supply

(Batteries)

Motor

(Takes electricity and uses it to spin)

Connector

(Conductive Wire)

CREATING THE CIRCUIT

Design the object you want your motor to spin. 

How does it attach to the motor shaft?

Toggle Switch

9v Battery

Geared Motor

Either use crocodile clips

or

if you have a battery pack use the wires to connect the battery to the DC motor

Motors convert electrical current (the flow of electrons) to rotational movement via electromagnets. 

Connect the motor to the battery with wires

What happens when you reverse the wires?

all components are connected in a single loop.

The electricity flows through each one in order.



This means:

Shared electricity:

The more components you add, like light bulbs, the dimmer they get because they all share the same electricity.

One path:

There’s only one path for the electricity. If one component stops working (like a broken light bulb), the whole circuit stops because the flow of electricity is blocked.

In a series circuit



each component has its own path to the power source.



This means:

Equal electricity:

Each component gets the same amount of electricity, so even if you add more, they all stay bright.

One path:

There are many paths for electricity to flow. If one component stops working, the others keep working because the electricity can still flow through the other paths.

In a parallel circuit

DESIGN YOUR CYBORG MOVEMENT!